Here is a talk by one of the people involved in sequencing Neanderthal DNA.

Apart from an update on what we think about modern human populations, it is also an introduction on the sorts of analyses possible with modern genomics technology.

Such as the fact that we can reconstruct the genome of an extinct species from a part of a bone from the pinky.

[Video](http://www.ted.com/talks/svante_paeaebo_dna_clues_to_our_inner_neander thal.html)